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      <title>Spring Boot 快速构建 RESTful Web Service - 交互式测验</title>
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      </style>
    </head>
    <body>
      <div class="main-wrapper">
          <div class="quiz-container">
            <div class="quiz-header">
              <h1>Spring Boot 快速构建 RESTful Web Service - 交互式测验</h1>
              <p>检验你对文档内容的理解程度</p>
            </div>
            <div id="quiz-content">
                <div class="quiz-body">
                    <div class="progress-bar">
                        <div id="progress-indicator"></div>
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                    <div id="question-container">
                      <p id="question-text"></p>
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                    <div id="result-container"></div>
                    <div id="hint-container" class="hint-container"></div>
                </div>
                <div class="quiz-footer" id="quiz-footer">
                  <button id="prev-btn" class="nav-btn">上一题</button>
                  <button id="hint-btn" class="nav-btn" style="background-color: #ffc107; color: #333; box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(255,193,7,0.3);">提示</button>
                  <button id="next-btn" class="nav-btn">下一题</button>
                </div>
            </div>
          </div>
      </div>

      <script>
        const quizData = [
  {
    "question": "根据文档，以下哪项不是RESTful Web Service的核心特点？",
    "options": [
      "通过URI来唯一标识和定位资源",
      "使用标准的HTTP方法（如GET, POST）来操作资源",
      "服务器为每个客户端维护一个独立的会话状态",
      "服务器不保存客户端的状态，每个请求都是独立的"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 2,
    "explanation": "文档明确指出RESTful Web Service的一个核心特点是“无状态”，即服务器不保存客户端的状态，每个请求都必须包含所有必要的信息。因此，“为客户端维护独立的会话状态”违背了无状态原则，不是其核心特点。",
    "source": "文档中「1. 什么是 RESTful Web Service？」部分",
    "hint": "RESTful架构强调请求的独立性，服务器不应该依赖之前的请求信息来处理当前请求。"
  },
  {
    "question": "在文档的 `UserController` 示例中，`@RestController` 注解起到了什么关键作用？",
    "options": [
      "仅用于标识该类是一个服务层组件，负责处理业务逻辑",
      "它是 `@Controller` 和 `@ResponseBody` 的组合注解，能将方法返回值直接作为HTTP响应体",
      "专门用于声明该类是一个数据访问仓库接口",
      "用于将HTTP请求映射到特定的处理方法，但必须为每个方法单独添加 `@ResponseBody`"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 1,
    "explanation": "`@RestController` 是一个便捷的组合注解，它等同于在类上同时使用 `@Controller` 和 `@ResponseBody`。这意味着该控制器下的所有方法的返回值都会被Spring自动序列化为JSON或XML格式，并直接写入HTTP响应体中，这正是构建RESTful API所需要的。",
    "source": "文档中「2.7 定义控制器类」部分",
    "hint": "思考一下这个注解如何简化了API返回JSON数据的过程，避免了在每个方法上重复添加某个注解。"
  },
  {
    "question": "在文档描述的项目结构中，继承了 `JpaRepository` 的 `UserRepository` 接口主要职责是什么？",
    "options": [
      "处理传入的HTTP请求并将其路由到相应的业务逻辑",
      "提供数据访问和持久化操作，例如增删改查（CRUD）",
      "封装和实现应用程序的核心业务规则和逻辑",
      "定义应用程序的数据模型（实体）及其属性"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 1,
    "explanation": "在分层架构中，Repository（仓库）层专门负责数据访问。通过继承Spring Data JPA提供的 `JpaRepository`，`UserRepository` 接口自动获得了对 `User` 实体的基本CRUD（创建、读取、更新、删除）操作方法，极大地简化了数据持久化层的代码。",
    "source": "文档中「2.5 定义仓库接口」部分",
    "hint": "这个接口的名字 'Repository' 和它继承的 'JpaRepository' 提供了关于其职责的强烈线索。"
  },
  {
    "question": "在 `UserController` 的 `updateUser(@PathVariable Long id, @RequestBody User userDetails)` 方法中，`@PathVariable` 注解的用途是什么？",
    "options": [
      "从请求的URL查询参数中提取值 (例如 /users?id=1)",
      "从HTTP请求头（Header）中读取`id`的值",
      "从请求的URL路径中提取`id`的值 (例如 /users/1)",
      "从请求体（Request Body）中解析JSON数据并绑定到`id`参数"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 2,
    "explanation": "`@PathVariable` 注解用于将URL模板中的变量绑定到方法的参数上。在示例的 `@PutMapping(\"/{id}\")` 中，`{id}` 是一个路径变量，`@PathVariable Long id` 会将URL中相应位置的值（例如请求 `/users/123` 中的 `123`）赋给方法的 `id` 参数。",
    "source": "文档中「2.7 定义控制器类」部分",
    "hint": "注解名称中的 'Path' 这个词指的是URL的哪个部分？"
  },
  {
    "question": "为了创建RESTful API，文档中推荐在Spring Initializr中添加的核心依赖是哪一个？",
    "options": [
      "Spring Data JPA",
      "Spring Web",
      "H2 Database",
      "Spring Security"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 1,
    "explanation": "文档在“2.1 创建 Spring Boot 项目”一节中明确指出，`Spring Web` 依赖是用于构建Web应用，包括RESTful API的。它内嵌了Tomcat服务器并包含了Spring MVC框架，是实现Web功能的基石。其他依赖如JPA和H2分别用于数据访问和数据库。",
    "source": "文档中「2.1 创建 Spring Boot 项目」部分",
    "hint": "构建一个Web服务最基础、最不可或缺的组件是什么？"
  },
  {
    "question": "在文档的 `ts-mobile` 项目实践中，为了支持API的高效查询，团队通过扩展哪个Spring Data接口实现了分页和排序功能？",
    "options": [
      "`SimpleJpaRepository`",
      "`CrudRepository`",
      "`JpaRepository`",
      "`PagingAndSortingRepository`"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 3,
    "explanation": "文档明确提到，在 `ts-mobile` 项目中，团队通过在 `UserRepository` 中扩展 `PagingAndSortingRepository` 来支持分页和排序查询。这个接口在 `CrudRepository` 的基础上增加了处理分页（Pagination）和排序（Sorting）的方法。",
    "source": "文档中「3.3 在 ts-mobile 项目中实现分页和排序」部分",
    "hint": "这个接口的名称直接反映了它提供的两大核心功能。"
  },
  {
    "question": "文档中提到，在 `ts-api` 项目中通过使用 HATEOAS 来优化API设计，其主要目的是什么？",
    "options": [
      "实现资源的自描述性，让客户端可以动态发现可执行的操作",
      "提供一种新的数据库技术，以替代JPA和Hibernate",
      "作为一种安全协议，用于加密API之间的通信",
      "实现一种后端缓存策略，以减少对数据库的频繁访问"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 0,
    "explanation": "HATEOAS (Hypermedia as the Engine of Application State) 的核心思想是让API响应不仅仅包含数据，还包含相关操作的链接（超媒体）。这使得API具有自描述性，客户端可以根据这些链接动态地发现和导航到其他资源或操作，从而降低了客户端与服务端的耦合度。",
    "source": "文档中「3.2 在 ts-api 项目中优化 API 设计」部分",
    "hint": "思考一下 'Hypermedia' 这个词，它暗示了响应内容中除了数据本身还包含了什么额外的信息？"
  }
];
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            const totalQuestions = quizData.length;
            const answeredCount = userAnswers.filter(a => a !== null).length;
            const wrongCount = answeredCount - correctCount;
            const skippedCount = totalQuestions - answeredCount;
            const accuracy = totalQuestions > 0 ? Math.round((correctCount / totalQuestions) * 100) : 0;
            const errorRate = totalQuestions > 0 ? Math.round((wrongCount / totalQuestions) * 100) : 0;

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                '<h2>答题报告</h2>' +
                '<div class="score-summary">' +
                '<div class="score-card">' +
                '<h3>得分</h3>' +
                '<p>' + correctCount + ' / ' + totalQuestions + '</p>' +
                '</div>' +
                '<div class="score-card">' +
                '<h3>正确率</h3>' +
                '<p>' + accuracy + '%</p>' +
                '</div>' +
                '<div class="score-card">' +
                '<h3>错误率</h3>' +
                '<p>' + errorRate + '%</p>' +
                '</div>' +
                '<div class="score-card score-details">' +
                '<table>' +
                '<tr><td>正确</td><td>' + correctCount + '</td></tr>' +
                '<tr><td>错误</td><td>' + wrongCount + '</td></tr>' +
                '<tr><td>未答</td><td>' + skippedCount + '</td></tr>' +
                '</table>' +
                '</div>' +
                '</div>' +
                '<div class="report-actions">' +
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                '<button class="primary" onclick="location.reload()">再试一次</button>' +
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        optionsListEl.addEventListener('click', (event) => {
            if (event.target && event.target.matches('li.option-item')) {
                // Check if the question has already been answered
                if (userAnswers[currentQuestionIndex] === null) {
                    const selectedIndex = parseInt(event.target.dataset.index, 10);
                    selectOption(selectedIndex);
                }
            }
        });

        prevBtn.addEventListener('click', goToPreviousQuestion);
        nextBtn.addEventListener('click', goToNextQuestion);
        hintBtn.addEventListener('click', showHint);
        
        // 初始加载
        loadQuestion();
      </script>
    </body>
    </html>
  